The whole study of translation is called translatomics. Translation group includes broad translation group and narrow translation group. The broad translation group refers to all elements directly involved in the translation process, including ribosomes, mRNA being translated, tRNA, regulatory RNA (such as miRNA, lncRNA, etc.), nascent polypeptide chain, various translation factors, etc. (Figure 1); Translation group in narrow sense refers to the mRNA being translated. Traditional transcriptome sequencing is to sequence all the mRNA in a cell, whether it is being translated or not; Translation group sequencing is the sequencing of all the elements directly involved in the translation process, such as the sequencing of the mRNA(RNC-mRNA) stuck in ribosomes and being translated.